Elms makes such an interpretation and points to the story's emphasis upon orderliness-one of the character traits Freud associated with the anal stage of human development-as compelling evidence. In ""The Three Bears": Four Interpretations" (1977), Professor Emeritus of the University of California, David Alan C. The story supports a Freudian anal stage interpretation. While the story may not solve oedipal issues or sibling rivalry as Bettelheim believes " Cinderella" does, it suggests the importance of respecting property and the consequences of just 'trying out' things that do not belong to you." Tatar writes, " reading is perhaps too invested in instrumentalizing fairy tales, that is, in turning them into vehicles that convey messages and set forth behavioral models for the child. He believes the tale does not allow the child reader to gain emotional maturity. The story does not encourage children to solve the problems of growing up, Bettelheim writes, and does not end with the traditional "happily ever after" promise for those who solve their Oedipal issues. In The Uses of Enchantment (1976), child psychologist Bruno Bettelheim discusses Goldilock's struggle to grow beyond her Oedipal issues to confront adolescent identity problems. In earlier times however, the story was about interfering with someone else's property. She points out that the story is often presented today as one about what is "just right" for oneself. It warns children about the dangers of wandering off into unknown places. In The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales (2002), Harvard professor Maria Tatar writes that the story is sometimes regarded as a cautionary tale. Illustration from Childhood's Favorites and Fairy Stories All mention of the human "bottom" was wiped out. In versions of the story from the Victorian Era, Southey's "here she sate till the bottom of the chair came out, and down came her's, plump upon the ground" was changed to read "and down she came" instead. What was once a scary little story about a nosy, ugly old woman and three male bears became a cozy little story about a nosy, pretty little girl and a family of bears. In time, the three male bears of Southey's original became Papa, Mama, and Baby Bear. She finally became Goldilocks sometime in the early 20th century. She was known over the years as Silverhair, Silverlocks, Goldenlocks, and other names. Once the little girl entered the story, she stayed there. Cundall made this change because there were many children's books about old women at the time. Ībout 12 years after Southey's story was published, writer Joseph Cundall changed the old woman into a little girl in his book Treasury of Pleasure Books for Young Children. This story has a fox (not a human) as the intruder in the bears' house. A story called "Scrapefoot" may be the original for "The Three Bears".
Charles Dickens included a story about goblins in his 1865 novel Our Mutual Friend that also resembles "The Three Bears". Some think the story of the three bears resembles parts of " Snow White", or a story from Norway about a princess and three princes dressed in bear skins.
Nicol's version was published in 1841 with illustrations. He thought it would bring the story more attention from children. Southey wrote on 3 July 1837 that he had received Nicol's version. The same year Southey published the story, a rhyming version was written by William Nicol.
The two versions differ only in some small details: Southey's bears have porridge, for example, while Mure's bears have milk.
In both Southey's and Mure's versions, the character who enters the bears' house is an ugly old woman. In 1831, a lady named Eleanor Mure wrote the story in rhyming verse for her nephew's fourth birthday. An illustration from More English Fairy Tales (1894) shows Scrapefoot (a fox) falling from a window.Ī very similar version of the story predates Southey's published one of 1837.
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